Historical background of AI

1950 - A.M. Turing published "Computing Machinery and Intelligence" (1950). -
The paper also introduces the Turing test. This is where one out of two participants is replaced by a computer and observer tries to work out which is the computer. If the computer can not be picked, then for all intent and purposes, it is intelligent.

1958 - John McCarthy (MIT) invented the Lisp language. Lisp (standing for list programming) uses predicate logic and recursion rather than common looping.

1964 – A MIT student, Richard Greenblatt builds MacHack. MacHack was a knowledge-based chess playing computer that achieved a C class chess ranking.

1973 - Alain Colmerauer developed Prolog. Prolog (standing for programming in logic) focuses on the logic rather than the process of solving the problem.

1973 – A group at Edinburgh University created Freddy. A robot that was able to put together a toy wooded car and boat in about 16 hours.

1979 – A medical diagnostic program based on knowledge call INTERNIST was created by Jack Myers and Harry Pople.

1979 – Hans Moravec creates the Sandford cart. The cart could navigate a chair-filled room.

1997 – The world chess grand master was beaten by Deep Blue, a chess playing computer.

1997 – Web crawlers (or spiders) and AI based data mining programs become widely used on the Internet.

2000 – Robotic ‘Smart’ pets become available to the general public.

2000 - A Carnegie Mellon University robot ‘Nomad’, explores Antarctica in the hope of finding meteorite samples.

Tags: Ai, Artificial Intelligence, Miscellaneous

Related Items:

• Natural and artificial intelligence distinguished
• Major areas of AI
• Machine Learning
• Knowledge Based Systems
• Important developments in AI

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